Delivering genetic material into mammalian cells is a central step in modern molecular biology, yet the choice of method often determines whether an experiment succeeds or fails. While adherent cells are generally receptive to chemical transfection reagents or electroporation, suspension cell types—such as lymphocytes, T-cell leukemia lines, and hematopoietic progenitors—are notoriously resistant. Their lack of adhesion, tendency to aggregate, and negatively charged membrane surface reduce the effectiveness of conventional methods.
In these cases, lentiviral transduction has become the preferred strategy. Lentiviruses, members of the retrovirus family, possess the ability to infect both dividing and non-dividing cells and to integrate their genetic cargo stably into the host genome. This combination of high efficiency, stable expression, and broad tropism makes them especially well suited for suspension cells.
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